"Ocean możliwości Chin"
Oceanem wielkich możliwości strategicznych Chin jest Ocean Spokojny. Chiny czynią duży postęp w stosunkach z państwami wyspiarskimi na Oceanie Spokojnym, zwłaszcza w stosunkach dyplomatycznych, gospodarczych, handlu i transportu morskiego, kupnie surowców oraz porozumień wojskowych, jak też w sprawach technologii związanej z przestrzenią kosmiczną.
W ramach tej działalności Chiny stworzyły Forum Kooperacji i spotkań ministrów z państw wyspiarskich. Chiny działają w celu współpracy i w celu wspólnego rozwiązywania problemów w imię pokoju, rozwoju, przyjaźni i współpracy. Do tego forum nie należy Australia i Nowa Zelandia, ale pokrywa ono 20 milionów mil kwadratowych oceanu i 117,000 mil kwadratowych powierzchni wysp, w 14 niezależnych państwach, o rocznej sile kupna 24 miliardów dolarów w 2006 roku.
Chiny budują silną pozycję strategiczną na Pacyfiku i potrzebują obserwatoria dla rozwoju technologii do używania przestrzeni kosmicznej i utrzymywania satelitów w celu komunikacji, etc. Chiny mają stosunki dyplomatyczne z ośmiu z pośród 24 państw wyspiarskich, z których sześć uznaje Tajwan, jak reprezentację Chin. Pekin chce być jedynym przedstawicielem Chin we wszystkich sprawach politycznych i handlowych, oraz traktować Tajwan jako chińską prowincję.
Równowagę sił na Pacyfiku tworzą sfery wpływów Australii, Nowej Zelandii, USA i Francji. Chiny działają ostrożnie wobec istniejących układów, ale chcą zwiększyć swoje wpływy za pomocą osadnictwa emigrantów z Chin, bez okazywania otwartej opozycji wobec hegemonii USA. Chiny i państwa wyspiarskie uzupełniają się wzajemnie.
W 2006 roku Chiny dały tym państwom nisko oprocentowane kredyty i pomoc w wysokości 375 milionów dolarów, oraz skreśliły długi, w ramach starań o stworzenie wolnocłowych układów z wyspiarzami, którzy są marginalizowani z powodu globalizacji. Państwa wyspiarskie na Pacyfiku są dalekie od rozgrywek dotyczących walki o paliwo.
Ocean Spokojny jest obecnie bardziej spokojny niż Ocean Indyjski z powodu pacyfikacji Iraku i wysiłków lobby Izraela, żeby doprowadzić do ataku USA na Iran, oraz dokonać tam zmiany reżymu, na podobny do reżymu szacha, kiedy tajna policja Iranu była trenowana i kontrolowana przez Mossad. Debaty senatu w Waszyngtonie na temat sytuacji w Iraku teraz dotyczą raportu dowódcy wojsk USA generała Davdid’a Petraeus’a. Senatorzy John McCain i Joseph Lieberman popierają permanentne bazy w Iraku i atak USA i Izraela na Iran.
Senator Hilary Clinton mówi rozmaite rzeczy, głosowała, żeby USA zaatakowało Irak i znana jest z uległości wobec lobby Izraela, być może w trochę mniejszym, stopniu niż są ulegli senatorzy John McCain i Joseph Lieberman. Czołowy kandydat na prezydenta USA Barack Hussein Obama ostro egzaminował generała Petraeus’a. Żądał jego definicji sukcesu w Iraku i powątpiewał, czy całkowita eliminacja Al-Qaidy z Iraku oraz usunięcie tam wpływów Iranu, są osiągalne na przestrzeni najbliższych 30 lat.
Natomiast, jeżeli realistycznie spojrzymy prawdzie w oczy i zaakceptujemy poważne zmniejszenie walk między sektami w Iraku, pewną korupcję i trudności w odbudowie życia politycznego i gospodarczego ludności, to niedługo Irak nie będzie zagrażać sąsiadom i nie będzie funkcjonować tam Al-Qaida. Jest to możliwe w krótkim czasie.
Obama uważa, że po chwilowym zmniejszeniu się walk, znowu walki wezbrały na sile w regionie miasta Basra. Obama popiera stałe zmniejszanie ilości wojsk USA w Iraku, co przyczyni się do ustalania porządku przez samych Irakijczyków (wielu uważa, że Muktada El-Sadr prawdopodobnie będzie politycznym przywódcą niepodległościowców w Iraku, w którym z powodu napadu przez USA pięć milionów ludzi straciło dach nad głową i ponad milion zostało zabitych.) Obama uważa, że w przyszłości, polityka USA wobec Iraku powinna opierać się na otwartych stosunkach dyplomatycznych z Teheranem, bez którego USA nie jest w stanie ustabilizować Iraku.
Obama powiedział, że decyzja rządu Bush’a dokonania ataku na Irak była kolosalnym błędem strategicznym, który spowodował obecność Al-Qaidy w Iraku, gdzie jej przed tym w ogóle nie było, oraz złamanie władzy Sunnitów, na rzecz Szyitów, stanowiących dwie trzecie ludności Iraku, jednocześnie ludzi sprzyjających Szyitom w Iranie. Fakt ten wzmocnił pozycję Iranu dzięki decyzji USA ataku na Irak, co wzmocniło pozycję Chin również na Oceanie Spokojnym.
Iwo Cyprian Pogonowski
Born Sept. 3, 1921
Lwów, Poland
in Dec 1939 left Warsaw. Dec 30, 1939 arrested by Ukrainians serving the Gestapo in Dukla, then transferred to Barwinek, Krosno, Jaslo, Tarnów, Oswiecim, arrived in Oranienburg-Sachsenhausen on Aug. 10, 1940.
April 19, 1945 started on the Death March of Brandenburg from Sachsenhausen; escaped gunfire of SS-guards and arrived to Schwerin and freedom on May 2, 1945.
September 1945 arrived in Brussels, Belgium; obtained admission as a regular student at the Catholic University: Institute Superieur de Commerce, St. Ignace in Antwerp.
in 1954 graduated in Civil Engineering at the top of his class. Was invited to join honorary societies: Tau Beta Pi (general engineering honorary society), Phi Kappa Phi (academic honorary society equivalent to Phi Beta Kappa), Pi Mu (mechanical engineering honorary society), and Chi Epsilon (civil engineering honorary society). Taught descriptive geometry at the University of Tennessee;
in 1955 graduated with M.S. degree in Industrial Engineering.
in 1955 started working for Shell Oil Company in New Orleans. After one year of managerial training was assigned to design of marine structures for drilling and production of petroleum.
in 1960 started working for Texaco Research and Development in Houston, Texas as a Project Engineer. Authored total of 50 American and foreign patents on marine structures for the petroleum industry;
wrote an article: The Rise and Fall of the Polish Commonwealth - A Quest for a Representative Government in Central and Eastern Europe in the 14th to 18th Centuries. Started to work on a Tabular History of Poland.
in 1972 moved to Blacksburg, Virginia. During the following years worked as Consulting Engineer for Texaco, also taught in Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as Adjunct Professor in the College of Civil Engineering teaching courses on marine structures of the petroleum industry. Designed and supervised the construction of a hill top home for his family, also bought 500 acre ranch (near Thomas Jefferson National Forest) where he restored 200 years old mill house on a mountain stream.
in 1978 prepared Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. The dictionary included a Tabular History of Poland, Polish Language, People, and Culture as well as Pogonowski's phonetic symbols for phonetic transcriptions in English and Polish at each dictionary entry; the phonetic explanations were illustrated with cross-sections of speech (organs used to pronounce the sounds unfamiliar to the users). It was the first dictionary with phonetic transcription at each Polish entry for use by English speakers
in 1981 prepared Practical Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.
in 1983 prepared Concise Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. Wrote an analysis of Michael Ch ci ski's Poland, Communism, Nationalism, Anti-Semitism. Also selected crucial quotations from Norman Davies' God's Playground - A History of Poland on the subject of the Polish indigenous democratic process.
in 1985 prepared Polish-English Standard Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. Also prepared a revised and expanded edition of the Concise Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics, also published by Hippocrene Books Inc.
in 1987 prepared Poland: A Historical Atlas on Polish History and Prehistory including 200 maps and graphs as well as Chronology of Poland's Constitutional and Political Development, and the Evolution of Polish Identity - The Milestones. An introductory chapter was entitled Poland the Middle Ground. Aloysius A. Mazewski President of Polish-American Congress wrote an introduction. The Atlas was published by Hippocrene Books Inc. and later by Dorset Press of the Barnes and Noble Co. Inc. which sends some 30 million catalogues to American homes including color reproduction of book covers. Thus, many Americans were exposed to the cover of Pogonowski's Atlas showing the range of borders of Poland during the history - many found out for the firsttime that Poland was an important power in the past. Total of about 30,000 atlases were printed so far.
In 1988 the publication of Poland: A Historical Atlas resulted in a number of invitations extended by several Polonian organizations to Iwo Pogonowski to present Television Programs on Polish History. Pogonowski responded and produced over two year period 220 half-hour video programs in his studio at home (and at his own expense.) These programs formed a serial entitled: Poland, A History of One Thousand Years. Total of over 1000 broadcasts of these programs were transmitted by cable television in Chicago, Detroit-Hamtramck, Cleveland, and Blacksburg.
in 1990-1991 translated from the Russian the Catechism of a Revolutionary of 1869 in which crime has been treated as a normal part of the revolutionary program. Started preparation of the Killing the Best and the Brightest: A Chronology of the USSR-German Attempt to Behead the Polish Nation showing how the USSR became a prototype of modern totalitarian state, how this prototype was adapted in Germany by the Nazis.
in 1991 prepared Polish Phrasebook, Polish Conversations for Americans including picture code for gender and familiarity, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.
in 1991 prepared English Conversations for Poles with Concise Dictionary published by Hippocrene Books Inc. By then a total of over 100,000 Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionaries written by Pogonowski were sold in the United States and abroad.
in 1992 prepared a Dictionary of Polish, Latin, Hebrew, and Yiddish Terms used in Contacts between Poles and Jews. It was prepared for the history of Jews in Poland as well as 115 maps and graphs and 172 illustrations, paintings, drawings, and documents, etc. of Jewish life in Poland. This material was accompanied by proper annotations.
in 1993 prepared Jews in Poland, Rise of the Jews as a Nation from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel, published by Hippocrene Books Inc. in 3000 copies. Foreword was written by Richard Pipes, professor of history at Harvard University, and Pogonowski's school mate in the Keczmar school in Warsaw. Part I included: a Synopsis of 1000 Year History of Jews in Poland; the 1264 Statute of Jewish Liberties in Poland in Latin and English translation; Jewish Autonomy in Poland 1264-1795; German Annihilation of the Jews. In appendixes are documents and illustrations. An Atlas is in the Part III. It is divided as follows: Early Jewish Settlements 966-1264; The Crucial 500 Years, 1264-1795; Competition (between Poles and Jews) Under Foreign Rule, 1795-1918; The Last Blossoming of Jewish Culture in Poland, 1918-1939; German Genocide of the Jews, 1940-1944; Jewish Escape from Europe 1945-1947 - The End of European (Polish) Phase of Jewish History (when most of world's Jewry lived in Europe). Pogonowski began to write a new book starting with the Chronology of the Martyrdom of Polish Intelligentsia during World War II and the Stalinist Terror; the book in preparation was entitled Killing the Best and the Brightest.
in 1995 prepared Dictionary of Polish Business, Legal and Associated Terms for use with the new edition of the Practical Polish-English, English-Polish Dictionary and later to be published as a separate book.
in 1996 Pogonowski's Poland: A Historical Atlas; was translated into Polish; some 130 of the original 200 maps printed in color; the Chronology of Poland was also translated into Polish. The Atlas was published by Wydawnictwo Suszczy ski I Baran in Kraków in 3000 copies; additional publications are expected. Prepared Polish-English, Eglish-Polish Compact Dictionary with complete phonetics, published by Hippocrene Books Inc.
in 1997 finished preparation of the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary with complete phonetics including over 200,000 entries, in three volumes on total of 4000 pages; it is published by Hippocrene Books Inc; the Polish title is: Uniwesalny S ownik Polsko-Angielski. Besides years of work Pogonowski spent over $50,000 on computers, computer services, typing, and proof reading in order to make the 4000 page dictionary camera ready; assisted in the preparation of second edition of Jews in Poland, Rise of the Jews from Congressus Judaicus in Poland to the Knesset in Israel published in fall of 1997. Prepared computer programs for English-Polish Dictionary to serve as a companion to the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary printed by the end of May 1997.
in 1998 Pogonowski organized preparation of CD ROM for the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary, Practical English-Polish Dictionary, Polish Phrasebook for Tourists and Travelers to Poland, all published earlier by Iwo C. Pogonowski. The Phrasebook includes 280 minutes of bilingual audio read by actors. Started preparation for a new edition of Poland: A Historical Atlas. New Appendices are being prepared on such subjects as: Polish contribution to Allied's wartime intelligence: the breaking of the Enigma Codes, Pune Munde rocket production; Poland's contribution to the international law since 1415; Poland's early development of rocket technology such as Polish Rocketry Handbook published in 1650 in which Poles introduced for the first time into the world's literature concepts of multiple warheads, multistage rockets, new controls in rocket flight, etc. Poland's Chronology is being enlarged to reflect the mechanisms of subjugation of Polish people by the Soviet terror apparatus. Continued preparation of the Killing the Best and the Brightest: A Chronology of the USSR-German Attempt to Behead the Polish Nation, including the 1992 revelations from Soviet archives as well as the current research in Poland. Continued preparation of two-volume English Polish Dictionary, a companion to the Unabridged Polish-English Dictionary published in 1997. Reviewed Upiorna Dekada by J. T. Gross.
in 1999 Pogonowski continued writing Poland - An Illustrated History and preparing for it 21 maps and diagrams and 89 illustrations.
in 2000 Pogonowski prepared, in a camera ready form, Poland - An Illustrated History; it was published by Hippocrene Books Inc. NY 2000 and recommended by Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski, National Security Advisor under President Carter, as "An important contribution to the better understanding of Polish history, which demonstrates in a vivid fashion the historical vicissitudes of that major European nation."
